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The great importance for the Republic of Tajikistan is the development of the transport industry and breaking the communication deadlock is undoubtedly one of the strategic goals of the state.

Tajikistan does not have direct access to seaports. Therefore, roads and railway systems are keys to the country’s economic development. More than 90% of the passenger turnover and about 70% of freight traffic accounted for road transport. Republic of Tajikistan is a member of 10 international transport programs, including - ESCAP, UN, TRACECA, SPO, SPECA, ECO.

In recent years, by attracting foreign investment, 38 investment projects have been implemented in the transport sector, which resulted in the commissioning of 2.000 km of roads, 240 bridges, 132 kilometers of railway lines, 31.5 km of tunnels and protective structures against avalanches

The most successful of these projects are:
  • Construction of the «Dushanbe-Dangara» highway in conjunction with the «Exim bank» of China for 256,27 million USD;
  • Construction of the «Dushanbe border of Uzbekistan» highway in conjunction with the Asian Development Bank in the amount of 131,2 million USD;
  • Construction of the «Dushanbe border of Kyrgyzstan» highway in conjunction with the Asian Development Bank in the amount 76,5 million USD;
  • Construction of  the «Kulob – Qal’ai-Khumb » plot «Shurobod- Shohon» in conjunction with the Saudi Development Fund, OPEC Fund, Islamic Development Bank,  Kuwait Development Fund and Abu Dhabi Fund for a total 92,9 million USD;.
  • Construction of the «Dushanbe-Khujand-Chanak» and the Shahriston tunnel, in conjunction with «China Road and Bridge Corporation» company worth 310 million USD;
The length of the railways of Tajikistan is  935 km. Tajikistan is a part of the Trans-Asian Railway system with 28 countries in Asia and Europe. This agreement entered into force on June 11, 2009.It is designed to facilitate freight and passenger traffic within Asia and between Asia and Europe.

The Government of the Republic of Tajikistan together with the Governments of Turkmenistan and Afghanistan is implementing a project to build the Turkmenistan-Afghanistan-Tajikistan railway. It is assumed that this railway will create favorable conditions for increasing the pace of socio-economic development of the region. Air transportation is carried out both by local and international airlines. Tajikistan has 4 international airports in the cities of Dushanbe, Khujand, Kurgan-Tube and Kulyab. During the period of state independence, agreements on aviation communications were signed with 21 countries of the near and far abroad. In addition, domestic companies Tajik Air provide services to citizens on 33 air routes in 9 countries near and far abroad.

On September 3, 2014, a modern passenger terminal with a capacity of 500 passengers per hour, built at the expense of Tajikistan and France, was commissioned at Dushanbe International Airport.
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